Bloom filter
wiki:
False positive matches are possible, but false negatives are not – in other words, a query returns either "possibly in set" or "definitely not in set"
Burton H. Bloom. 1970. Space/time trade-offs in hash coding with allowable errors. Commun. ACM 13, 7 (jul 1970), 422–426. https://doi.org/10.1145/362686.362692